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Language and episodic memory: a linguistic analysis of language change across phases of Alzheimer's disease

Language and episodic memory: a linguistic analysis of language change across phases of Alzheimer's disease
Language in neurodegenerative dementia

While language and memory have both long been researched in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), few studies have examined them in conjunction. In the present study, we approach the connection of language and memory using AD as a model for the way the two constructs are interdependent when they deteriorate with disease progression. Specifically, we will examine linguistic changes in spontaneous speech samples elicited through a task requiring temporal displacement, which is critical for episodic memory as an early marker of cognitive decline in AD.  Episodic memory has content that is personal and specific by nature, containing temporal, spatial, and personal information about events. Moreover, episodicity exists not only in the past but also in other non-present time frames. Thus, in a temporal displacement paradigm, we expect that people with AD have difficulties not only in recalling events, but also in future planning and imaginary scene construction. We will test this prediction in a cross- sectional analysis of people with varying degrees of progression of AD including prodromal stages (MCI, and the even earlier ‘subjective cognitive decline’ phase). The linguistic analysis will be complemented by neuroimaging data from structural MRI scans, which will allow us to relate linguistic changes to patterns of neuro-degeneration. Our hypothesis is that speech in people with AD will exhibit less definiteness, specificity, and temporal displacement in our tasks. 

Principal researchers

Kayla Chapin